FATA (The Skin)
Yau ka tashi kana jin zafi ko sanyi? Ko kuma ka taba kaya ta sokeka?
A wannan karon zamu tsunduma ne cikin fatarmu ne domin ganin irin abubuwan mamakin dake cikinta.
Fata (Turanci: Skin) wani yankine na tsoka da take lullube da jikinmu. A hakika muna kallonta ne a matsayin guda amma ta kasu har zuwa kaso uku; akwai, epidermis, dermis da kuma hypodermis a jere daya bisa daya. Fata tana dauke da kashi 16% ne na yankin jikin dan Adam daga dauyin jikinsa da idanu ke iya kalla. Sannan da za'a shimfide fatar cikakken mutum zata kai 1.7m².
Amfanin fata ya hada da kariya, daidaito da kuma ji (ta hanyar shafa). Fata ta tattaru ne da wadansu abubuwa kamar farce, gashi, magudanai da kuma jijiyoyi; a jimlace ana kiransu Intergumentary System. A jikin cikakken mutum ana samun kofofin gashi kimanin miliyan 5 da kuma sumar kai da tarin gashi tsakanin 90,000 zuwa 150,000. Mafi kauri a jikin fata shine dunduniyar kafa mai kaurin 4.5mm sai kuma yanki mafi sirantaka wato saman idanu da 0.4mm.
Epidermis (fatar sama) itace mai dauke da gashi wadanda suke samuwa daga kananun sinadaran protein na keratnocytes. Wadannan sinadarai suna samuwa ne daga matattun keratin dake tasowa zuwa sama su daskare bayan kowanne sati 4 zuwa 6. Tattare a saman wannan fata akwai Markel cells wadanda kananun halittu ne masu amo da suke tura sako zuwa kwakwalwa idan aka taba mutum; a kasan farce kadai ana samun Markel cells kimanin 750. Suna iya jiyar da mutum tabi daban-daban kimanin 1000; akwai adadin receptors din yakai kimanin 2,500. Wannan keratin din shine yake sanya saman fata yayi santsi ta yanda ruwa ko kwayoyin bacteria basa iya shiga. Har wa yau a cikin epidermis ake samun sinadarin melanocyte (melanin) Wanda shine yakeda alhakin launin fatar dan Adam; iya wadatuwarsu shine daidai da rinin fatar mutum.
Dermis (fatar tsakiya) kuma tana tattare da sinadaran protein na elastin da collagen wandanda sune suke iya sanya fata ta dinga motsawa cikin sauki kamar danko (rubber). A cikin collagen ne ake samun kwayoyin ginin jiki na amino acids har guda 20 wadanda sune suke sanyawa fata rashin narkewa ta hanyar samar da ginshikai. Tattare cikin dermis ne ake samun longerhans cells; kwayoyin garkuwar jiki dake kare mutum daga kwayoyin bacteria da suka tsallake fatar sama. A kalla kashi 25% na jinin mutum yana gudana ne cikin jijiyoyin dake dermis.
Zamu cigaba...
© Mubarak MS Jigirya
10/07/2021
Gaskiya wannan abun alfahari ne ga Hausawa. Dalibai zasu kara fahimtan abun da aka koya musu a aji
ReplyDeleteGodiya muke da shawarwarinku da goyon baya da kuke nunawa a wannan aikin domin daukaka harshen Hausa ta fannin kimiyya.
DeleteAllah ya kara basira.
ReplyDelete