KUNDIN SCIENCE IN HAUSA 💡📚

  SCIENCE IN HAUSA: Episode 8 Jima (Turanci: Tanning Chemistry) wani nau'ine na kimiyya da yake samar da kirgi daga fatun dabbobin da muke yankawa domin ci da hadiya; kamar a Sallah Babba data gabata. Wannan kashin zai bamu damar ninkaya cikin ilmin sarrafa fatun dabbobi domin samar da kirgin da ake mana takalma, angara, kujeru da kuma suturu da sauransu. Yayin da aka kwabe fata daga jikin dabba anso a zuba mata wani yanki na gishiri domin tsayar da barnar kwayoyin halittun bakteriya masu sanyata wari da lalacewa. Wannan gishirin yana dauke danshin jikin fatar saboda kasantuwar gishiri sinadari mai tsotse danshi. Bayan hakan anso a bazata saboda samun wadatacciyar iska; ana iya fara sarrafata a take idan ba'a da niyyar ajiyeta na tsawon lokaci. Abu na farko a Majema (Turanci: Tannery) shine ware wadannan fatu a mazaunan kanana ko manya, cikakku da jemammu a matakin geometry; wannan akewa lakabi da "grading and selection" a harshen Turanci. Bayan anyi hakan

  SCIENCE IN HAUSA: Episode 6 Jadawalin Haliitu (Taxonomy) A tattare damu akwai halittu masu kamanni kusan daya amma da halayya daban-daban. Misalin hakan shine kazar gida da kuma mikiya, ko tumaki da awaki, ko kuma maciji da kadangare, ko mutane da birai. Wannan kashin zai bamu damar tattauna abubuwan da suke rarrabe halittu ta fuskar dabi'a da kamanni. Wannan ilmin shi akewa lakabi da TAXONOMY a harshen Turanci. A cikin karni na Goma Sha Shida (1700s) a nahiyar Turai aka samu wani masanin komiyya mai suna Carolus Linneaus wanda ya kirkiro da tsarin jadawalin haliitu wato Taxonomy. Wannan jadawalin yana fasalta yanda kowacce hallita take ne tattare da dabi'un data kebanta dasu. Nayi kokarin tattara wannan bayanan daga littafin Carolus mai suna SYSTEMA NATURÆ kamar haka; Jadawalin Haliitu yana ta'allakane da ilmin Homology; ilmin dabi'u daga zuri'ar halittu da suka shude. Ana amfanin da tsarin binomial nomenclature ne wajen kebanta sunaye ga halittu ciki

 SCIENCE IN HAUSA: Episode 5 GILASHI (Glass) Tagarmu ta zamani dauke take da wani ado daga abubuwa da suke bamu damar hangen waje. Wayar sailula rufe take da wannan abu mai haske. Kai hatta kwalliya idan mukayi a gabansa muke gyarawa saboda yana maido da siffarmu garemu; wannan shine gilashi! A wannan kashin na SCIENCE IN HAUSA zamu tsunduma cikin siffar gilasai da tushensu.  Gilashi (Turanci; glass) wani nau'in abune da haske yaka iya ratsawa ta cikinsa. Wannan ya ta'allakane da tushen abubuwan da suke samar da gilashin da kuma yanda ake kerashi. Gilashi yana samuwa ne daga sinadarin Silicone wanda yake wanzuwa a doron kasa; hade dashi akwai oxygen. Hadakar wadannan element biyu suke samar da Silicon Dioxide (SiO2). Silicon Dioxide shine tushen wani nau'in yashi da ake kira QUARTZ. Quartz sune nau'ikan yashin da suke kyalli yayinda rana ta haskasu: a Turanci ana kiransu CRYSTALS. Abun bukata shine a samu kashi 99% ya zamto tattare da silicate, sai kuma kashi 1% na elem

 SCIENCE IN HAUSA: Episode 4 (Part 2) Fata (The Skin) Hypodermis (fatar kasa) itace dauke da kitse. Wannan kitsen shine yake samar da sinadarin leptin; sinadarin dake kai sako kwakwalwa idan mutum ya kamu da yunwa. Har wa yau kitsen cikin dermis shine yake sanya jin dadi yayinda mutum ya kishingida a jikin abu mara taushi. Cikin hypodermis ake samun kwayoyin macrophages wadanda suke da alhakin kashe cutar da ta wuce epidermis da dermis. Macrophages suna samuwa ne daga cikin bargon kasusuwan dan Adam wato bone marrow. Yayinda mutum ya kamu da sanyi sai receptors dinsa su amsa ta yanda gashin jikinsa zasu mike (erector pili) sannan jijiyoyin jininsa zasu matse ya samu dumi. Idan kuma yana jin zafi sai su bude ta yanda iska zata samu cikin sauki. Idan mutum yaji ciwo akwai kwayoyin halittu na fibroblasts wadanda sune ke kafar da jini ta hanyar clotting sannan su dinga samar da fata marar kauri wacce zata rufe ciwon; shiyasa fatar kan gyambo batada launi irin na sauran jiki. Yayin da mutum

Yau ka tashi kana jin zafi ko sanyi? Ko kuma ka taba kaya ta sokeka?  A wannan karon zamu tsunduma ne cikin fatarmu ne domin ganin irin abubuwan mamakin dake cikinta. Fata (Turanci: Skin) wani yankine na tsoka da take lullube da jikinmu. A hakika muna kallonta ne a matsayin guda amma ta kasu har zuwa kaso uku; akwai, epidermis, dermis da kuma hypodermis a jere daya bisa daya. Fata tana dauke da kashi 16% ne na yankin jikin dan Adam daga dauyin jikinsa da idanu ke iya kalla. Sannan da za'a shimfide fatar cikakken mutum zata kai 1.7m². Amfanin fata ya hada da kariya, daidaito da kuma ji (ta hanyar shafa). Fata ta tattaru ne da wadansu abubuwa kamar farce, gashi, magudanai da kuma jijiyoyi; a jimlace ana kiransu Intergumentary System. A jikin cikakken mutum ana samun kofofin gashi kimanin miliyan 5 da kuma sumar kai da tarin gashi tsakanin 90,000 zuwa 150,000. Mafi kauri a jikin fata shine dunduniyar kafa mai kaurin 4.5mm sai kuma yanki mafi sirantaka wato saman idanu da 0

 SCIENCE IN HAUSA: Episode 3 Duniyar Mars (Planet Mars) A ilmin taurari, masana sun sanar damu gameda duniyoyi 9 da suke zagaye da rana wacce itace babbar tauraruwar da duniyoyin suke zagawa. Cikin wannan kashin na wannan satin zanyi bayani akan daya daga cikinsu, wato  Duniyar Mars wacce a turance akewa lakabi da Red Planet. Duniyar Mars ta samune kimanin shekaru biliyan 4.5 a kiyasin Malaman kimiyya. Itace duniya ta 4 daga Rana bayan Mercury, Venus da Earth (duniyarmu), sannan itace ta biyu a mafi kankanta. Mars duniya ce mai kaurin tafiyar mil 4,212 daidai da kilomita 6,778 a ma'aunin diameter. Tanada farfajiya wacce take daidai da fadin nahiyoyin Duniyar Earth mai dauke da tarin duwatsu. Red Planet da akewa Mars lakabi ya samo asaline daga tarin sinadarin iron da duniyar take dauke dashi. Wannan sindarin yana gauraya da iskar oxygen ya samar da tsatsa bisa turbayar duniyar; shine dalilan dayasa take da launin ja. Kwanson duniyar Mars tattare yake da sinadaran iron, nickel da su

GWALALON MARIANA (The Mariana Trench) Mafi yawan mutane sukan tambayi ko wanne yankine mafi zurfi a cikin wannan Duniyar. Cikin wannan kashi na wannan satin zanyi bayani akan Gwalalon Mariana wanda shine rami mafi zurfi a Duniya. Gwalalon Mariana yankine a cikin Tekun Pacific wanda aka gano tun a shekarar 1875. Gwalalon yanada bangarori har uku wadanda suka hada da Guam, Sirena Deep da kuma Challenger Deep. Gwalalon Mariana ramine a karkashin tekun daya kai zurfin 35,853 ft kuma yakai adadin shekaru miliyan 180 da samuwa. Wannan rami yana dauke da abubuwan al'ajabi kamar wanzuwar halittun ruwa mafiya ban mamaki da kuwa wadansu yanki na daga ciyayi da kuma duwatsu. Bangaren Challenger Deep shine yanki mafi zurfi a cikin Gwalalon Mariana, sannan ya kasance yana bangaren Kudu na Gwalalon. A cikin wannna Gwalalon akwai nauyi na ma'aunin pressure kimanin adadin giwaye metan yayin da mutan yakai zurfin 400ft. Sannan kuma hasken rana yana daukewa a zurfin 490ft; wannan yan

 SCIENCE IN HAUSA: Bambanci tsakanin GUBA (Poison) da DAFI (Venom). Guba (poison) da Dafi (venom) suna daga cikin dangin gurbatattun sinadarai (toxins) wadanda suke sauya akalar garkuwar jikin dan Adam ta hanyar cutarwa. Lokuta da dama daliban ilmi sukan samu rashin fahimtar yanda wadannan abubuwan suke. Nayi kokari wajen bayyana hakan cikin wannan rubutun. 1- DAFI (Venom): Wannan sinadarin ana samunsa ne daga halittu masu sara ko harbi, kamar macizai, gizagizo, kudan zuma ko shanshani. Dafi yana dauke da sinadarin PEPTIDES da/ko kuma da PROTEINS. Yana shiga jikin halitta ne ta hanyar cizo ko harbi daga cikin halittun dana ambata a sama. Wannan dafin yana bin hanyoyin jini ya toshesu ta hanyar rage gudun jinin ko kuma ya narkar da  kayan cikin wasu halittun; wannan yana faruwa ne idan halittar da tayi cizon ko harbin bata iya hadiye abinci mai tauri. Dafin saiya narkar da kayan cikin halittar da aka harba ta yanda za'a iya zuke abinda yake cikinta cikin sauki. A kiyasi na kimiyya,