HALITTAR PLATYPUS

 SCIENCE IN HAUSA: EPISODE 10

Daga cikin tarin halittu masu ban mamaki da suke wanzuwa a doron kasa da kuma ruwa, halittar Platypus ta kebanta da wasu abubuwa dayawa wadanda suke baki ga tunanin dan Adam. Cikin wannan kashin zamuyi nazari ne akan Platypus da kuma dabi'unsu masu ban mamaki.

Platypus wasu nau'in halittu ne da suke wanzuwa a Kudanci da kuma Gabashin kasar Australia kamar yankin Queensland da Tasmania. Suna iya rayuwa a cikin ruwa da kuma doron kasa saboda siffar jikinsu; suna iya kuma rayuwa cikin ramuka domin kare kansu daga harin sauran dabbobi masu cutarwa. Wadannan halittu sun kebanta da wasu siffofi ne wadanda suke baki ga tunanin mutum saboda al'ajabin dake tattare dasu; sunada siffofi na dabbobi daban-daban har kala uku a jikinsu sabanin sauran halittu.

Platypus suna daga cikin monotremes; halittu masu asali daga synapsids. Sun hada siffofi har uku daga dabbobi masu kashin baya (mammalian), tsuntsaye (avian) da kuma kadangaru (reptilian) duk a waje guda. Platypus sunada baki (bill) irin na agwagi, da kafafu/yatsu irin na kadangaru, da kuma gashi irin na dabbobi kamar awaki. Kundin sirrin hallita (genome) na Platypus ya tabbatar da cewa kashi 82% na bayanan siffarsu ya danganci Mammals ne yayinda kashi 18% ya kunshi Avians da Reptilians. Wani abun mamaki bayan jawabin sama shine; mammals sunada kundin bayanin halitta (chromosomes) biyu-biyu saidai kuma Platypus sunada guda biyar ne kamar avians (tsuntsaye). Wannan abun mamaki ne daya sabawa jawabin sama. 

Platypus suna yin kwai ne sabanin sauran mammals masu haihuwa kai tsaye. Macen Platypus takan ajiye wadannan kwayayen ne cikin jelarta maimakon cikin mahaifa; wannan da mamaki kwarai saboda ya sabawa tsarin halittu da dama. Macen Platypus tana yin kwanci ne kamar kaza domin yin kwai a cikin ramuka sannan ta kyankayshe. Jariran platypus ana kiransu da "Cubs" ne kamar sauran Mammals kuma akan haifesu ne da hakora jere reras cikin bakunansu sabanin sauran halittu da sai daga baya sukeyin hakoran. Macen Platypus takanyi rainon jariran har na tsawon watanni 4 kafin suyi karfi su koma zaman kansu. Wani abun mamaki dazai girgiza mai karatu shine... Macen Platypus batada kan nono (nipples) amma a hakan take shayar dasu nono. Ta yaya? Macen Platypus takan tsattsafo da ruwan nonon ne ta kofofin gashin jikinta ne sai jariran su dinga lashewa yayin raino. Wannan wani abune mai ban mamaki matuka a tsarin halittu.

Wani abun mamaki ga Platypus shine rashin tumbi a jikinsu; wato basuda inda zasu iya ajiye abinci bayan sun tauna. Wannan yasa sukeyin farautar kifaye, tsutsotsi da sauran kananun hallitun ruwa har na tsawon awanni 12 ba tareda sun gaji ba. Suna iya cin abinci da yakai kashi 30% na adadin nauyin jikinsu sannan su ajiye kitse a jelarsu tunda basuda tumbin da zasu iya ajiye abincin. Wannan yasa Platypus suka zamto jajirtattu wajen farauta domin kaucewa yunwa daka iya halaka su cikin sauki. Yayin da Platypus suke farauta cikin ruwa suna toshe kunnuwansu da hancinsu sai suyi amfani da bututu irin na agwagi wajen numfashi da tace dauda/datti. Suna kuma amfani da kananun jijiyo (electro receptors) har guda 40,000 a jikin bakinsu wajen karbar sako zuwa kwakwalwarsu yayin farauta. 

Namijin Platypus yanada kari (stingers) a kafafunsa na baya dayake amfani dasu wajen kariya. Wannan karin yanada dafi matuka kamar na maciji ta yadda yakan iya hallaka kare ko dila yayin da namijin Platypus din ya harbesu dashi; ba'a taba samun mutumin daya harba ya mutu ba. Platypus suna iya rayuwa har na tsawon shekaru 12 idan suna cikin koshin lafiya.

Wadannan bayanai kenan dangane da halittar Platypus mai tarin abubuwan mamaki. A da akan dauka cewa hakan tatsuniyace saboda yanayin siffar jikinsu ya sabawa tunani. 

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© Mubarak MS Jigirya

     17/08/2021