RANA (THE SUN)

 

SCIENCE IN HAUSA: GRAND EPISODE 14

KARSHEN BABI NA FARKO

RANA (THE SUN)

Yau da gobe mukan wayi gari da haske wanda muke samu daga halitta mafi girma a cikin taurari. Wannan babbar halitta tanada sunaye dayawa amma a Hausance muna kiranta da Rana. Wannan kashin na SCIENCE IN HAUSA gagarumi ne domin shine zai rufe Babin Farko na ayyukana.

Rana ta samu ne kimanin shekaru biliyan 4.5 daga tarwatsewar gajimare mai dauke da burbushin Hydrogen. Masana kimiyya sunawa wannan al'amari lakabi da "Big Bang Theory" wanda akansa ne mafi yawan ilmin kimiyya na taurari ya ta'allaka. Rana tana daukene da shimfidu har guda shida wadanda suka hada da;

1- Corona: Itace shimfidar farko wacce take fitarda hasken rana izuwa sauran Duniyoyin da suke zagaye da Ranar.

2- Mafitar Kyalli (Chromosphere): Wannan shimfida itace take canza siffar mahaski (photon) izuwa haske kafin yakai ga Corona.

3- Mafitar Wuta (Photosphere): Kafin mahaski yakai ga fita waje yana sauya launi ne daga burbushin Helium zuwa haske mai zafi a cikin wannan shimfidar.

4- Yankin Zafi (Convection Zone): Anan ne iskar Burbushin Helium da Hydrogen suke sauyawa izuwa kuzari a matsayin makamashi domin karfafa Ranar da kuma karfin haskenta.

5- Yankin Karfafan Zafi (Radiation Zone): Wannan shine yankin da ake samun 'radiation'; wani nau'in zafi mai kwayoyin kwayar zarra da suka rube saboda karfin matsi daga nauyin shimfidun sama da kma zafin kundun Ranar.

6- Kundu (Core): Kamar kowacce duniya a ilmin Falaki, kundun Rana shine tsakiyarta kuma inda komai yake fara samuwa kamar zafi da matsi kafin yakai ga samanta.

Rana tana samun kuzari ne daga burbushin Hydrogen wanda yakeda kashi 91%, sai Helium da 8.9% biye da sauran burbushi mafiya nauyi kamar Carbon da Nitrogen masu jimillar 0.1%. A zahiri, burbushin Hydrogen da yake samuwa daga kundun Rana yana sauyawa izuwa Helium saboda karfin matsin daya kai biliyan 240. Wannan yake gauraya kwayoyin zarrar Hydrogen su hade su koma izuwa na Helium da zafin daya kai na celcius miliyan 15 (15,000,000 °C) daga cikin kundun Ranar; ana yiwa wannan hadakar lakabi da "Thermonuclear Fusion" wacce ke samar da kuzari na;

- Karfafan Zafi (Radiation)

- Lantarki (Electricity) da,

- Murdar Rana (Solar Wind)

Hadakar hakan ke samar da gajimare mai cajin dama da hauni wato Plasma; wannan wani nau'ine na siffar makunshin wanzuwa.

Girman Rana yakai a sanya dukkan Duniyoyin Falakinmu 8 cikinta sau 600. Wannan ya tabbatar da cewa girmanta ba kadan bane; itace dauke da nauyi mafi rinjaye a cikin duniyoyin da suke kewaye da ita da kashi 99.8%. Wannan dalilin ya sanya majanyar (gravity) dinta takeda matukar karfi; itace take kusanto da sauran duniyoyin ga jikinta saboda nauyinta. Wannan ya hada da karfin maganadisu (magnetic field) da yake samuwa daga kusurwoyinta (poles) na Arewa da Kudu.

Abun mamaki shine yanda a duk dakika guda Rana take iya kone burbushin Hydrogen kimanin ton miliyan 700 izuwa ton miliyan 650 na Helium ta hanyar Thermonuclear Fusion. Wannan yana tabbatar da hasashen Albert Einstein na cewa za'a iya juya nauyi ya zama kuzari; ya danganta hakan da lissafinsa na Hasashen Alaka E=MC², inda: 

E= take nufin Kuzari

M= Nauyi

C= Saurin Haske

Saboda wannan, Malaman Kimiyya na Falaki sunyi hasashen cewa kuzarin da Rana take konawa daidai yake da fasa makaman nukiliya (Nuclear Bombs) a kalla biliya 400 masu nauyin megatons (ton sau dubu). 

Wannan shine takaitaccen bayani akan Rana da yanda take wanzuwa. Anan na kawo karshen Babin Farko na SCIENCE IN HAUSA.

Ina matukar godiya da shawarwarinku da goyon baya duk rintsi. Ku biyoni a gaba domin bude Babi Na Biyu cikin kwanaki masu zuwa inshaa Allah.

*Ma'anar Kalmomi

i- Matsi - Pressure

ii- Hasashen Alaka - Theory of Relativity

iii- Makunshin Wanzuwa - Matter

iv- Ilmin Falaki - Astrophysics 

v- Saurin Haske - Speed of light

vi- Majanya - Gravity

vii- Maganadisu - Magnet

© Mubarak MS Jigirya

     02/10/2021