DAMARAR KUIPER (KUIPER BELT)

SCIENCE IN HAUSA: BABI NA BIYU

KASHI NA UKU (EPISODE 3)

A baya mun samu bayanai akan Damarar Asteroid wacce ta yiwa falakinmu kawanya ta ciki daga gaban Duniyar Neptune. Mun tattauna gameda ire-iren abubuwan da suke cikin kawanyar da sauransu. A yau ma kamar wancan lokacin, zamuyi ninkaya ne domin cimma wata damarar wacce itace ta biyu a cikin falakinmu na Milky Way.

Damarar Kuiper (Turanci: Kuiper Belt) wani yankine a sararin samaniya wanda shine ake yiwa hasashen karshen falakinmu ta fuskar abubuwan da ido zaya iya gani. Damarar Kuiper tana somawa ne daga bayan duniyar Neptune ta kewaye dukkan falakin kamar zobe: ana wannan yanki lakabi da "Outer Planets", wato duniyoyin waje. Nisan Damarar Kuiper zuwa rana daidai yake da 50AU (Astronomical Unit): wato wani nau'in ma'auni na ilmin taurari wanda yake daidai da tafiyar mil 93,498,125 sau 50; AU guda shine tazarar duniyar da muke ciki zuwa rana. Hakan shine nisan daya raba Damarar Kuiper da Ranar Falakinmu. 

Damarar Asteroid ta bayyana ga Malaman kimiyya ne a shekarar 1992 duk da cewa an fara gano bangorin farko a cikinta a shekarar 1930, wato duniyar Pluto. Bayan tsawon lokaci saiya zamana cewa hasashe gameda yiwuwar samun wasu bangoran bayan na Damarar Asteroid ya yawaita; wannan ya samo asaline saboda yawan taurari masu wutsiya (comets) da ake samu, wanda hakan baya iya samuwa a Damarar Asteroid saboda shi yankine mai dauke da duwatsun gas (meteors). Damarar Kuiper ta ninka Damarar Asteroid da fadi sau 20 da kuma nauyi sau 200; wannan yanada nasaba da nauyin abubuwan cikinta kamar wadannin duniyoyi irinsu Pluto, Eris, Haumea da Makemake. Wadannan wadannin duniyoyi kusan daidai suke da duniyar Pluto; hakan yasa aka daina kidaya Pluto a matsayin cikakkiyar duniya, da sauran dalilai (Zamu tattauna hakan a wani kashin).

Duniyar Pluto tana wanzuwa ne a tsakiyar Damarar Kuiper tattare da wasu kananun bangorai kamar Weywot, Sedna, Dysnomia, Quaoar da sauransu. Wadannan bangoran kamar watanni suke masu zagaye sauran wadannin duniyoyin da suke cikin Damarar; mafiya yawansu sunada launin kankara da duwatsu masu fasalin iskar methane (CH4), sinadarin Ammonia (NH3) da kuma ruwa (H2O). A hasashen Malaman Falaki, dayawa daga cikin taurari masu wutsiya suna kubcewa ne daga cikin wannan Damarar su shigo cikin duniyoyin da suke gaban Neptune saboda karfin majanyi (gravity) da suke dashi. Damarar Kuiper tana wata gabar sararin samaniya da ake kira da Oort Cloud, sannan kuma cike take da wasu siffofi masu kewaye wadannin duniyoyin da suke cikinta; ana masu lakabi da "binaries" a Turance.

Malamin Kimiyyar Taurari David da dalibinsa Jean Lui na kwalejin fasaha ta MIT sune suka gano Damarar Kuiper, sannan sunanta ya samo asaline daga wanda ya fara hasashen samunta a 1952 wato Gerard Kuiper.

Wannan shine takaitaccen bayani akan Damarar Kuiper wacce itace gabar wannan Falaki na Milky Way. Da fatan zamu cigaba da fadada bincike domin gina tubali mai karfi a ilmin kimiyya da fasaha a harshen Hausa.

Na gode.

© Mubarak MS Jigirya

    6/12/2021